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	<title>OsMeusApontamentos &#187; Don Norman</title>
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		<title>Comunicação</title>
		<link>http://blog.osmeusapontamentos.com/index.php/2008/08/29/comunicacao/</link>
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		<pubDate>Fri, 29 Aug 2008 13:46:12 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>vitorsilva</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[ler/ ver/ ouvir/ passear]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[comunicação]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Don Norman]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[porto]]></category>

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		<description><![CDATA[A propósito deste infeliz acidente em que um veiculo do metro atropelou uma pessoa eu tive o azar de chegar a essa estação poucos minutos depois do sucedido. Ainda fiquei um pouco à espera para ver se a coisa se resolvia rapidamente quando na instalação sonora se ouve a senhora que usualmente nos avisa que [...]]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>A propósito deste infeliz acidente em que um <a href="http://jn.sapo.pt/paginainicial/pais/concelho.aspx?Distrito=Porto&amp;Concelho=Matosinhos&amp;Option=Interior&amp;content_id=1006190">veiculo do metro atropelou uma pessoa</a> eu tive o azar de chegar a essa estação poucos minutos depois do sucedido.<br />
Ainda fiquei um pouco à espera para ver se a coisa se resolvia rapidamente quando na instalação sonora se ouve a senhora que usualmente nos avisa que a metro do porto está a proceder a acções de fiscalização a dizer-nos que</p>
<p>&#8220;<strong>a circulação comercial só se está a efectuar no cais 1</strong>&#8220;.</p>
<p>Foi o meu momento WTF&#8230;</p>
<p>A opção de dar feedback aos utilizadores quando alguma coisa demora mais do que é esperado é quase uma obrigação tendo em conta tudo o que se sabe sobre a gestão de interacção entre sistemas e pessoas.<br />
No entanto esse feedback tem que ser dado de uma forma concisa e clara. Para além disso a comunicação tem que ser de tal forma que o modelo mental da pessoa, ao ouvi-la, seja compativel com o modelo de quem criou essa mensagem de forma a que o contexto implicito dessa mensagem seja igual nos dois actores (emissor, receptor)</p>
<p>Aqui a mensagem realmente é concisa, mas clara? isso já não me parece. Para além disso dá azo a diferentes interpretações.  Essencialmente o que falhou foi a adequação do discurso aos utilizadores.</p>
<p>Analisando a frase &#8220;a circulação comercial só se está a efecutar no cais 1&#8243;&#8221; consideremos inicialmente a primeira parte: &#8220;circulação comercial&#8221;. Logo aqui surge a primeira dúvida, que outro tipo de circulação é possível na linha do metro? eu como utilizador normal sei ou é expectável que saiba que há outro tipo de circulação? será que existe alguma circulação de emergência eventualmente com outro tipo de veículos que nestes casos possa circular na linha?</p>
<p>versão 1: <strong>a circulação <em>do metro</em> só se está a efectuar no cais 1</strong></p>
<p>Ignorando esta primeira parte e assumindo que percebemos que quer dizer algo com a circulação dos veiculos que normalmente utilizamos consideremos a indicação do &#8220;cais 1&#8243;. Embora a terminologia cais 1, 2, etc. seja constante na rede a minha dúvida é se será que alguém sabe quando está à espera do metro se está no cais 1 ou 2? Eu pessoalmente não sei, claro que não sei se sou representativo dos utilizadores do metro mas parece-me muito mais lógico saber que estou no cais que me leva no sentido A=&gt;B ou em direcção a B. Claro que esta é uma dúvida que facilmente esclarecemos, basta olhar para o placard informativo e vemos em que cais estamos.</p>
<p>versão 2: <strong>a circulação do metro só se está a efectuar no cais <em>do sentido porto/matosinhos</em></strong></p>
<p>Esta versão parece-me um pouco mais percepitvel que a inicial &#8220;a circulação comercial só se está a efecutar no cais 1&#8243;. Mas mesmo assim não é completamente explícita&#8230; o facto de a circulação só se fazer por um cais quer dizer que só se faz nesse sentido? ou será que a metro do porto tem algum mecanismo para nestas situações de obstrução de uma linha permitir a composições do metro que circulem em direcções opostas partilhar uma outra linha? será que é uma dúvida que não faz sentido e eu estou a exagerar nas minhas suposições? não sei&#8230; a mim parece-me legitimo considerar que há esta opção se não para que é que referiram na frase explicitamente o único cais que ainda estava a funcionar?</p>
<p>Como disse não sei sequer se é possivel fazer isso de partilhar a mesma linha para metros em sentidos distintos mas a frase que ouvi e os poucos conhecimentos da realidade do metro do porto (e dos outros) permite-me construir essa ideia. ou seja, provavelmente há uma dissonância entre o modelo mental da pessoa que escreveu a mensagem que conhece perfeitamente a rede do metro, regras gerais da sua utilização pelas composições, etc. e a minha.<br />
Esta última questão poderia ser eliminada revendo ligeiramente a segunda versão que tinha proposta. Porque não uma destas opções:</p>
<p>versão 3.1: <strong>o metro só está a circular no sentido porto/matosinhos<br />
</strong>ou<strong><br />
</strong>versão 3.2: <strong>a circulação no sentido matosinhos/porto está suspensa.</strong></p>
<p>Eu pessoalmente gosto mais da ultima versão que ainda assim poderia / deveria ser melhorada com a indicação sucinta do motivo desta suspensão de forma a permitir enquadrar esta espera extraordinária, já que por exemplo uma suspensão da circulação motivada por acidente de trânsito provoca uma resposta diferente de uma suspensão de circulação motivada por exemplo por uma greve ou por um problema técnico.</p>
<p>Uma nota pessoal, não deixa de ser curioso que durante a minha espera inicial no cais 2 e depois na paragem do autocarro, para passar o tempo, estava a ler o artigo <a href="http://www.jnd.org/dn.mss/the_psychology_of_wa.html">&#8220;The Psychology of Waiting Lines&#8221; de Don Norman</a>. Ele há cada coincidência&#8230;</p>
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		<title>notas leitura: Emotional Design 5</title>
		<link>http://blog.osmeusapontamentos.com/index.php/2007/05/13/notas-leitura-emotional-design-5/</link>
		<comments>http://blog.osmeusapontamentos.com/index.php/2007/05/13/notas-leitura-emotional-design-5/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Sun, 13 May 2007 21:41:18 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>vitorsilva</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[ler/ ver/ ouvir/ passear]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[design]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Don Norman]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[ler]]></category>

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		<description><![CDATA[capitulo 4 &#8211; Fun and Games pag. 101 &#8220;why must information be presented in a dull, dreary fashin, such as in a tble of numbers? Most of the time we don&#8217;t need actual numbers, just some indication of wether the trend is up or down, fast or slow, or some rough estimate of the value. [...]]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p><img src="http://blog.osmeusapontamentos.com/img/0465051367.01._AA240_SCLZZZZZZZ_.jpg" alt="" align="left" />capitulo 4 &#8211; Fun and Games<br />
pag. 101<br />
&#8220;why must information be presented in a dull, dreary fashin, such as in a tble of numbers? Most of the time we don&#8217;t need actual numbers, just some indication of wether the trend is up or down, fast or slow, or some rough estimate of the value. so why not display the information in a colorful manner, continually available in the periphery of attention, but in a way that delights rather than distracts&#8221;<br />
pag. 112<br />
&#8220;Khaslavsky and Shedroff suggest that the tree basic steps are enticement, relationship, and fulfillment: make an emotional promise, continually fulfill the promise, and end the experience in a memorable way.&#8221;<br />
pag. 116<br />
&#8220;Music impacts all three levels of processing. The initial pleasure of the rhythm, tunes and sounds is visceral, the enjoyment of playing and mastering the parts behavioral, and the pleasure of analyzing the intertwined, repeated, inverted, transformed melodic lines reflective.&#8221;<br />
pag. 125<br />
&#8220;To be fully engrossed within a movie is to feel the world fade away, time seem to stop, and the body enter the transformed state that the social scientist Mihaly Csikszentmihalyi has labeled &#8220;flow&#8221;. Csikszentmihalyi&#8217;, flow state is a special, detached state of consciousness, in which you are aware only of the moment, of the activity and of the sheer enjoyment.&#8221;</p>
<p>capitulo 5 &#8211; People, Places and Things<br />
pag. 136<br />
&#8220;B. J. Fogg shows how people think of &#8220;computers as social actors&#8221;, in his chapter of that title in his Persuasive Technology. Fogg proposes five primary social cues that people use to infer sociability with the person, or device, with whom, or which, they are interacting:<br />
- Physical: faces, eyes, body, movement<br />
- Psychological: preferences, humor, personality, feelings, empathy, &#8220;I&#8217;m sorry&#8221;<br />
- Language: interactive language use, spoken language, language recognition<br />
- Social Dynamics: turn taking, cooperation, praise for good work, answering questions, reciprocity<br />
- Social Roles: doctor, teammate, opponent, teacher, pet, guide<br />
(&#8230;) with computers, we often fall for the social dynamics (or, as is more often the case, the inept social dynamics). Basically, if something interacts with us, we interpret that interaction; the more responsive to it is to us through its body actions, its language, its taking of turns, and its general responsiveness, the more we treat it like a social actor. This list applies to everything, human or animal, animate or in-animate.&#8221;<br />
pag. 149<br />
&#8220;But, on the whole, the point of frequent messages is not information sharing; it is emotional connecting. (&#8230;) People need to communicate continually, for comfort, for reassurance.&#8221;<br />
pag. 150<br />
&#8220;But the real problems of modern communication come from the limitations of human attention. The limits on conscious attention are severe. When you are on a telephone call, you are doing a very special sort of activity, for you are part of two different spaces, one where you are located physically, the other a mental space, the private location within your mind where you interact with the person on the other end of the conversation. This mental partitioning of space is a very special facility and it makes the telephone conversation, unlike other joint activities, demand a special kind of mental concentration. The result is that you are partially away from the real, physical space, even as you inhabit it. This division into multiple spaces has important consequences for the human ability to function.&#8221;<br />
pag. 156<br />
&#8220;&#8230; we can and do take part in multiple instant- and text-messaging conversations &#8220;simultaneously&#8221;, but the quote marks around &#8220;simultaneously&#8221; reflect that we don&#8217;t really do the operations at the same instant, but rather interweave the two. Conscious, reflective attention is only necessary for reading and for formulation of new messages, but once formulated, the automatic behavioral level mechanism can guide the actual keystrokes, while reflection switches over to the other conversation&#8221;</p>
<p>capitulo 6 &#8211; Emotional Machines<br />
pag. 188<br />
&#8220;Machines that induce emotion in people<br />
(&#8230;) perhaps the earliest such experience was the Eliza a computer program developed by the MIT computer scientist Joseph Weizenbaum&#8230;&#8221;</p>
<p>epilogo &#8211; We are all designers<br />
pag. 221</p>
<p>&#8220;The trick is to make objects that degrade gracefully, growing old along with their owners in a personal and pleasurable manner. This kind of personalization carries huge emotional significance, enriching our lives. This is a far cry from the mass customization that allows a consumer to choose one of a fixed set of alternatives, but has little or no real personal relevance, little or no emotional value. Emotional value &#8211; now that is a worthy goal of design.&#8221;</p>
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		<title>notas leitura: Emotional Design 4</title>
		<link>http://blog.osmeusapontamentos.com/index.php/2006/08/16/notas-leitura-emotional-design-4/</link>
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		<pubDate>Wed, 16 Aug 2006 21:37:03 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>vitorsilva</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[ler/ ver/ ouvir/ passear]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[apontamentos]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Don Norman]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[ler]]></category>

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		<description><![CDATA[capitulo 3 &#8211; Three Levels of Design pag. 67 &#8220;The principles underlying visceral design are wired in, consistent across people and cultures. If you design according to these rules, your design will always be attractive, even if somewhat simple.&#8221; pag. 67 &#8220;At the visceral level, physical features &#8211; look, feel, and sound &#8211; dominate&#8221; pag. [...]]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p><img align="left" src="http://blog.osmeusapontamentos.com/img/0465051367.01._AA240_SCLZZZZZZZ_.jpg" />capitulo 3 &#8211; Three Levels of Design<br />
pag. 67<br />
&#8220;The principles underlying visceral design are wired in, consistent across people and cultures. If you design according to these rules, your design will always be attractive, even if somewhat simple.&#8221;</p>
<p>pag. 67<br />
&#8220;At the visceral level, physical features &#8211; look, feel, and sound &#8211; dominate&#8221;</p>
<p>pag. 70<br />
&#8220;&#8230; the very first behavioral test a product must pass is whether it fullfils needs.&#8221;<br />
pag. 71<br />
&#8220;The first step in good behavioral design is to understand just how people will use a product.&#8221;</p>
<p>pag.74<br />
&#8220;As Herbst LaZar Bell properly emphasizes, the real challenge to product design is &#8220;understanding end-user unmet and unarticulated needs.&#8221; That&#8217;s the design challenge &#8211; to discover real needs that even the people who need them cannot yet articulate.&#8221;</p>
<p>pag. 80<br />
&#8220;The virtual worlds of software are worlds of cognition: ideas and concepts presented without physical substance. Physical objects involve the world of emotion, where you experience things&#8230;&#8221;</p>
<p>pag. 87<br />
&#8220;Attractiveness is a visceral-level phenomenon &#8211; the response is entirely to the surface look of an object. Beauty comes from the reflective level. Beauty looks below the surface. Beauty comes from conscious reflection and experience. It is influence by knowledge, learning and pleasure.&#8221;</p>
<p>pag. 88<br />
&#8220;Reflective design is really about long-term costumer experience. It is about service, about providing a  personal touch and a warm interaction&#8221;</p>
<p>pag. 97<br />
&#8220;I still maintain that an iterative, human-centered approach works well for behavioral design, but it is not necessarily appropriate for either the visceral or reflective side. When it comes to these levels, the iterative method is design by compromise, by comittee, and by consensus. This guarantees a result that is safe and effective, but invariably dull.&#8221;</p>
<p>pag. 98<br />
&#8220;If you want a successful product, test and revise. If you want a great product, one that can change the world,, let it be driven by someone with a clear vision. The latter presents more financial risk, but it is the only path to greatness.&#8221;</p>
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		<title>notas leitura: Emotional Design 3</title>
		<link>http://blog.osmeusapontamentos.com/index.php/2006/08/10/notas-leitura-emotional-design-3/</link>
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		<pubDate>Thu, 10 Aug 2006 12:34:11 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>vitorsilva</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[ler/ ver/ ouvir/ passear]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[apontamentos]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Don Norman]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[ler]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://blog.osmeusapontamentos.com/?p=462</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[capitulo 2 &#8211; the multiple faces of emotion and design pag. 37 &#8220;The behavioral level is about use, about experience with a product. But experience itself has many facets: function, performance and usability.&#8221; pag.39 &#8220;The three levels can be mapped to product characteristics like this: - visceral design &#8211; appearence - behavioral design &#8211; the [...]]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p><img align="left" src="http://blog.osmeusapontamentos.com/img/0465051367.01._AA240_SCLZZZZZZZ_.jpg" />capitulo 2 &#8211; the multiple faces of emotion and design<br />
pag. 37<br />
&#8220;The behavioral level is about use, about experience with a product. But experience itself has many facets: function, performance and usability.&#8221;</p>
<p>pag.39<br />
&#8220;The three levels can be mapped to product characteristics like this:<br />
- visceral design &#8211; appearence<br />
- behavioral design &#8211; the pleasure and effectiveness of use<br />
- reflective design &#8211; self-image, personal satisfaction. memories</p>
<p>pag.46<br />
&#8220;Similarly, most souvenirs and popular trinkets are gaudy, schmaltzy, &#8220;excessively or insencerely emotional&#8221;. But while this may be true of the object itself, that object is important only as a symbol, as a source of memory, of associations.&#8221;</p>
<p>pag 48<br />
&#8220;In the flow state, you become so engrossed and captured by the activity being performed that it is as if you and the activity were one: you are in a trance where the world disappears from consciousness. Time stops. You are only aware of the activity itself. Flow is motivating, captivating, addictive state.&#8221;</p>
<p>pag.55<br />
&#8220;In the early 1950s, the Betty Crocker Company introduced a cake mix so that people could readdly make excellent tasting cakes at home. No muss, no fuss: just add water, mix and bake. The product failed, even though taste tests confirmed that people like the result. Why? &#8230; The cake mix was a little to simple. The consumer felt no sens of accomplishment, no involvment whith the product&#8221;.</p>
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		<title>notas leitura: Emotional Design 2</title>
		<link>http://blog.osmeusapontamentos.com/index.php/2006/08/10/notas-leitura-emotional-design-2/</link>
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		<pubDate>Thu, 10 Aug 2006 12:32:54 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>vitorsilva</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[ler/ ver/ ouvir/ passear]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[apontamentos]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Don Norman]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[ler]]></category>

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		<description><![CDATA[capitulo 1 &#8211; attractive things work better pag 18 [1900 Herbert Read] &#8221; it requires a somewhat mystical theory of aesthetics to find any necessary connection between beauty and function&#8221; &#8220;Emotions, we know now, change the way the human mind solves problems &#8211; the emotional system changes how the cognitive system operates.&#8221; &#8220;science now knows [...]]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p><img align="left" title="Emotional Design" alt="Emotional Design" src="http://blog.osmeusapontamentos.com/img/0465051367.01._AA240_SCLZZZZZZZ_.jpg" />capitulo 1 &#8211; attractive things work better<br />
pag 18<br />
[1900 Herbert Read] &#8221; it requires a somewhat mystical theory of aesthetics to find any necessary connection between beauty and function&#8221;</p>
<p>&#8220;Emotions, we know now, change the way the human mind solves problems &#8211; the emotional system changes how the cognitive system operates.&#8221;</p>
<p>&#8220;science now knows that evolutionarily more advanced animals are more emotional than primitive ones, the human being the most emotional of all. (&#8230;) Emotions play a critical role in daily lives, helping assess situations as good or bad, safe or dangerous&#8221;</p>
<p>stituações de pressão tendemos a focalizar e a não ter um pensamento criativo para a resolução dos problemas.</p>
<p>pag 19.<br />
&#8220;the role of aesthetics in product design: attractive things make people feel good, which in turn makes them think more creatively. How does that make something easier to use? Simple, by making it easier for people to find solutions to the problems they find.&#8221;</p>
<p>pag 20<br />
&#8220;cognition interprets the world, leading to increased understanding and knowledge. Affect, which includes emotion, (&#8230;) makes value judgments, the better to survive.&#8221;</p>
<p>&#8220;cognition and affect, understanding and evaluation&#8221;</p>
<p>pag. 21<br />
visceral &#8211; automatic prewired,<br />
behavioral &#8211; control everyday behavior &#8211; not conscious &#8211; pag.23 exemplo conduzir um carro<br />
reflective &#8211; contemplative</p>
<p>estão todos relacionados. reflective não tem capacidade motora (imagem pag.22)</p>
<p>pag. 23<br />
&#8220;the result is that everything you do has both a cognitive and an affective component &#8211; cognitive to assign meaning, affective to assign value. you cannot escape affect: it is always there. more importante, the affective state, whether positive or negative affect, changes how we think&#8221;</p>
<p>pag.29<br />
&#8220;[conditions] they all share the same property, however: the condition can be recognized simply by sensory information. (&#8230;) the visceral level is incapable of reasoning, of comparing a situation with past history&#8221;.</p>
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